oxoG repair

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: ON DNA-REPAIR ENZYMES: "A variety of agents cause oxidative damage to DNA, including oxygen radicals and ionizing radiation. Oxidation of G to form oxoG produces a subtle structural transformation that results in deleterious mutations because DNA polymerases misread oxoG as a thymine (T) base when the genome is being duplicated during cell division. The human oxoG repair enzyme (hOGG1) catalyses excision of oxoG in the first step of BER. Structural studies of glycosylases involved in the repair process reveal common features of damaged-base recognition that include enzyme-initiated DNA distortion and bending to flip the damaged base out from the DNA double helix for recognition within a base-specific cavity of the enzyme."